Real-Time Monitoring and Positioning of Agricultural Tractors Using a Low-Cost GPS and IoT Device

Abstract

This research aims to develop a low-cost GPS receiver device for positioning agricultural tractors, incorporating Differential GPS (DGPS) technology for enhanced accuracy using the Open-Source GIS Stack (OSGS). Integrated with Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the device was tested to receive GPS data and other relevant information, including geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude), tractor speed, tractor direction, date, time, and the number of satellites receiving signals. The DGPS setup involves using one receiver as a base station and another on the tractor, where the base station provides correction data to improve positioning accuracy. The data collected by the receiver is transmitted to a signal processing device for mapping the coordinates, creating a route of the tractor's movement that is displayed on a real-time Web Map Application. This process includes error correction to ensure high accuracy. The IoT device was installed on the left rear wheel of the agricultural tractor. Test results show that the data from the developed device has an accuracy of around 30-90 centimeters, which is acceptable and sufficient for agricultural tractor positioning applications. Furthermore, this system enables real-time monitoring of the tractor's operations.